Nordcypern tyrkisk Kuzey Kıbrıs formelt navn Den Tyrkiske Republik Nordcypern TRNC tyrkisk Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti

Nordcypern (tyrkisk: Kuzey Kıbrıs), formelt navn Den Tyrkiske Republik Nordcypern (TRNC) (tyrkisk: Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti (KKTC)), er en stat beliggende i den nordlige del af øen Cypern. Spændingerne mellem den græsk-cypriotiske og tyrkisk-cypriotiske befolkning kulminerede i 1974 med et statskup, som blev fulgt op med den græske militærjuntas forsøg på anneksion af øen. Kuppet besvaredes med en tyrkisk militær invasion af Nordcypern. Det græske kup og den tyrkiske besættelse har resulteret i en opdeling af øen, flytning af mange af indbyggerene, og en ensidig erklæring om uafhængighed fra den nordlige del i 1983. Nordcyperns selvstændighed er kun anerkendt af Tyrkiet, som staten er afhængig af økonomisk, politisk og militær støtte fra. Det internationale samfund, herunder FN og EU, erkender de jure suverænitet for Republikken Cypern over hele øen.

Den Tyrkiske Republik Nordcypern Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti (tyrkisk)
Flag Våbenskjold
Nationalmelodi: "İstiklâl Marşı" dansk: Selvstændighedsmarch
Nationaldag: 15. november
Nordcyperns placering på Cypern og Europa
Hovedstad og største by	Lefkoşa () 35°11′N 33°22′Ø / 35.183°N 33.367°Ø / 35.183; 33.367
Officielle sprog	Tyrkisk
Demonym
Regeringsform	Unitær (semi-præsidentiel) republik

•	(fra 2020)
•	(fra 2021)

Lovgivende forsamling
Uafhængighed fra Republikken Cypern

• Erklæret	15. november 1983
• Anerkendt	kun af Tyrkiet

Areal
• Total	3.355 km² (nr. 174 hvis rangeret)
• Vand (%)	2,7
Geografi
• Nabolande	Cypern
Topografi
• Højeste punkt	Selvili Tepe, 1.024 m.o.h.
Befolkning
• Anslået 2014	313.626
• Folketælling 2011	286.257
• Tæthed	93/km² (nr. 117)
BNP (nominelt)	Anslået 2014
• Total	4,032 mia. USD
• Pr. indbygger	15.109 USD
Valuta	Tyrkisk lira ₺ (`TRY`)
Tidszone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Sommertid	UTC+3 (EEST)
Kører i	venstre side af vejen
Internetdomæne	og .tr
Telefonkode	`+90 392`

Foregående stat
Cypern	til i 1974

Forsøg på at nå frem til en løsning på tvisten har hidtil været forgæves. I 2004 blev den femte revision af FN's Annan-plan om at bilægge Cypern konflikten accepteret af et flertal af de tyrkiske cyprioter ved en folkeafstemning, men forkastet af et flertal af græsk-cyprioterne. Den tyrkiske hær opretholder en stor styrke på Nordcypern, hvis tilstedeværelse støttes og godkendes af den lokale regering, der henviser til at Republikken Cypern og det internationale samfund betragter Nordcypern som en ulovlig besættelse, der er fordømt i flere resolutioner fra FNs sikkerhedsråd.

Nordcypern strækker sig fra spidsen af Karpass-halvøen (Kap Apostolos Andreas) mod nordøst, mod vest til Morphou bugten og Kap Kormakitis mod syd til landsbyen Louroujina/Akıncılar. En bufferzone under kontrol af FN strækker sig mellem Nordcypern og resten af øen og deler Nicosia, som er øens største by og hovedstad i begge stater.

Kilder

"Historical Background" (engelsk). Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Hentet 3. april 2016.
TRNC Arkiveret 8. januar 2016 hos Wayback Machine SPO, Economic and Social Indicators 2014, pages=2–3
"KKTC" (tyrkisk). Turkish Ministry of Economy. Hentet 28. juli 2015.
"The social and economic impact of EU membership on northern Cyprus", Diez, Thomas (2002). The European Union and the Cyprus Conflict: Modern Conflict, Postmodern Union. Manchester University Press. s. 187. ISBN 0719060796.
Antiwar.com. In Praise of 'Virtual States', Leon Hadar, 16 November 2005
Carter Johnson, University of Maryland. Sovereignty or Demography? Reconsidering the Evidence on Partition in Ethnic Civil Wars, 2005
Emerson, Michael (2004). The Wider Europe Matrix. CPSE. ISBN 9290794690.
New York Times Quote: The dinner follows a meal Mr. Denktash held on Dec. 6, when Mr. Clerides made his first visit to northern Cyprus, which was invaded by Turkey in 1974 and has been governed by Turkish Cypriots ever since. Mr. Clerides is recognized internationally as the president of Cyprus, but Turkey is the only country that....
BBC News Quote: "Cyprus has been split into the Greek Cypriot-controlled south and the Turkish-occupied north since Turkey invaded in 1974, in the wake of an abortive coup by supporters of union with Greece."
Unity talks under threat as hardliner elected President Arkiveret 29. juni 2011 hos Wayback Machine The Times Quote: on divided island a stance that would scuttle a deal. Cyprus was split on ethnic and religious lines by a Turkish invasion in 1974, triggered by a brief, Greek-inspired coup.
Cyprus problem is fuelling racism The Guardian Quote: "Whether one chooses to date the situation to the invasion by Turkey in 1974, the coup by junta-officered Greek Cypriots the same year, the bombings by Turkey in 1964, the attempt..."
BBC: The status of Northern Cyprus as a separate entity is recognised only by Turkey, which keeps around 30,000 troops in the north of the island.
Europe Review, Kogan Page, 2003, p.79
Nurşin Ateşoğlu Güney, Contentious issues of security and the future of Turkey, Ashgate Publishing, 2007, p.161
The CIA World Factbook 2010, Central Intelligence Agency (U.S.), p.182
UN Security Council resolutions 353(1974), 357(1974), 358(1974), 359(1974), 360(1974), 365(1974)

Eksterne henvisninger

Wikimedia Commons har flere filer relateret til Nordcypern

TRNC Presidency
Zypern Times

35°11′N 33°22′Ø / 35.18°N 33.36°Ø / 35.18; 33.36

[Declaration-1] "Historical Background" (engelsk). Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Hentet 3. april 2016.

[2] TRNC Arkiveret 8. januar 2016 hos Wayback Machine SPO, Economic and Social Indicators 2014, pages=2–3

[treconomy-3] "KKTC" (tyrkisk). Turkish Ministry of Economy. Hentet 28. juli 2015.

[4] "The social and economic impact of EU membership on northern Cyprus", Diez, Thomas (2002). The European Union and the Cyprus Conflict: Modern Conflict, Postmodern Union. Manchester University Press. s. 187. ISBN 0719060796.

[HISTORY-5] Antiwar.com. In Praise of 'Virtual States', Leon Hadar, 16 November 2005

[defacto1-6] Carter Johnson, University of Maryland. Sovereignty or Demography? Reconsidering the Evidence on Partition in Ethnic Civil Wars, 2005

[7] Emerson, Michael (2004). The Wider Europe Matrix. CPSE. ISBN 9290794690.

[8] New York Times Quote: The dinner follows a meal Mr. Denktash held on Dec. 6, when Mr. Clerides made his first visit to northern Cyprus, which was invaded by Turkey in 1974 and has been governed by Turkish Cypriots ever since. Mr. Clerides is recognized internationally as the president of Cyprus, but Turkey is the only country that....

[9] BBC News Quote: "Cyprus has been split into the Greek Cypriot-controlled south and the Turkish-occupied north since Turkey invaded in 1974, in the wake of an abortive coup by supporters of union with Greece."

[10] Unity talks under threat as hardliner elected President Arkiveret 29. juni 2011 hos Wayback Machine The Times Quote: on divided island a stance that would scuttle a deal. Cyprus was split on ethnic and religious lines by a Turkish invasion in 1974, triggered by a brief, Greek-inspired coup.

[11] Cyprus problem is fuelling racism The Guardian Quote: "Whether one chooses to date the situation to the invasion by Turkey in 1974, the coup by junta-officered Greek Cypriots the same year, the bombings by Turkey in 1964, the attempt..."

[BBC-12] BBC: The status of Northern Cyprus as a separate entity is recognised only by Turkey, which keeps around 30,000 troops in the north of the island.

[13] Europe Review, Kogan Page, 2003, p.79

[14] Nurşin Ateşoğlu Güney, Contentious issues of security and the future of Turkey, Ashgate Publishing, 2007, p.161

[15] The CIA World Factbook 2010, Central Intelligence Agency (U.S.), p.182

[autogenerated2-16] UN Security Council resolutions 353(1974), 357(1974), 358(1974), 359(1974), 360(1974), 365(1974)